As for the 8.2 Detroit Desiel 8.2, we have them in the MLVW's (Canadian M35). Good engines, strong, reliable, and they run well. I have heard about the head gasket thing and was told it was the early batch that had problems. The ones in the MLVW did not have that problem luckily.
You can get parts from several places. But you have to be careful as the engines have been discontinued for many years, and as of last year they do not make parts for them anymore. I was told that whatever the companies have in stock is all that is left, so get them while you can. Once they are gone, there will be no more parts available unless you can find some aftermarket stuff.
Specs on the fuel system, power, torque, etc can all be found online.
I know that you are over in Finland, and I do not know of any company in Europe that sells parts for the DD engine, but I get them from Harper Power Products (aka Harper Detroit Diesel) here in Canada. They are an official dealer.
HARPER Power Products Inc.
Hope that helps.