Alright, let's give this one last shot...
After not being able to find any place around me that would rebuild the starter, I opted to just go ahead and buy a new one.
So, I've got everything hooked up how I think it previously was, but now... I've got no power. Anywhere. I've got 24V in the battery series between the poles. I've confirmed that the main power switch (red plastic key) is functioning and am getting 24V on both sides when switch is engaged, testing from the + battery pole to the switch.
Now here's where I'm getting confused...
If I test any sort of constant power source (ie Ignition Switch) while using any of the normal grounding spots (back of fuse panel 1) I get nothing. But if I test a constant power source (Ignition Switch) and put the negative lead of the tester to the + battery terminal, I get 24v. I'm not the smartest when it comes to electricity, so I don't even understand how this is possible... I'm in much need of some hand-holding. What do I do from here?