Turbine oil fits in the raw-mineral-oil/gear-oil spectrum, usually with a highly-refined base oil, like a group 3, but more recently group 4 Polyalpha-olefin synthetics. Most of the differences are detergents, VII's, oxidation inhibitors, extreme-pressure additives, antifoaming agents- all tuned for the expected operating environment. Sometimes they'll be an odd base oil- PAG, phosphate/synthetic esters, etc.
Turbine oil is simple stuff compared to engine oil.
Here's a decent link.
Properties of Lubricating Oil
As a final note, yes, check the msds and everything you can find for your particular oil. Please note that the eyewash station has a MSDS that warns to call a doctor if you drink more than 6 liters of saline solution...